A hip fracture is a break in the upper part of the thigh bone (femur) near where it connects to the pelvis in the hip joint. These injuries are especially common in older adults, often due to falls, but they can also occur in younger people after high-energy accidents like car crashes or falls from height. Hip fractures are serious because they can limit mobility and, in older adults, can be life-threatening if not treated.

In adults, hip fractures almost always require surgery. This is because staying in bed for long periods greatly increases the risk of blood clots, pneumonia, muscle loss, and other complications. Surgery options include inserting screws or a plate to hold the bone together, placing a rod inside the bone, or a hip replacement where part or all of the hip joint is replaced with an artificial implant. The choice depends on the type and location of the fracture and the patient’s age and health. Most patients are encouraged to get up and walk with assistance after surgery. Full recovery usually takes several months, with physical therapy focusing on regaining strength, balance, and independence.

Watch video of Femoral Neck Fracture

In children, hip fractures are rare and almost always caused by severe trauma. Because children are still growing, doctors pay special attention to protecting the growth plate and the bone’s blood supply. Surgery is often needed to prevent long-term problems like hip deformity or joint stiffness. Children generally heal faster than adults, but close follow-up is important. Complications can include stiffness, differences in leg length, and—in adults—loss of independence. Older patients may need rehabilitation in a specialized facility before returning home. Early diagnosis, timely surgery, and active rehabilitation are key to the best possible outcome. Hip fractures are a reminder that bone health matters in older people. Preventing falls, staying active, and maintaining good bone density can help reduce the risk.