What is Osteochondritis Dissecans?

Osteochondritis dissecans (often called OCD) is a joint condition that affects the ends of bones where they meet to form a joint. Normally, these bone ends are covered by smooth cartilage, which helps the joint move easily. In OCD, the blood supply to a small section of bone becomes limited. Without enough blood, that piece of bone and the cartilage on top may weaken. Over time, it can loosen or even break away, creating a loose fragment inside the joint.

The knee joint, particularly the lower end of the thigh bone (femur), is the most common site for this condition. However, OCD can also develop in the ankle, hip, elbow, or shoulder.

Who Gets It?

OCD most often occurs in children, teens, and young adults—typically between ages 10 and 20. It is especially common in athletes who put repeated stress on their joints. While the exact cause is unknown, repeated impact or overuse may play a role.

Symptoms to Watch For

Because the condition develops slowly, symptoms may not show up right away. Over time, people may notice:

• Pain or swelling in the affected joint, especially after activity.
• Stiffness, particularly after periods of rest.
• Weakness or a feeling that the joint may "give out."
• Limited movement of the joint.
• Popping, clicking, or catching sensations.
• In some cases, the joint may even lock in one position.

Watch video of Cartilage Restoration

Treatment

Treatment depends on age, activity level, and how severe the condition is. In younger patients, rest, activity modification, and physical therapy often allow the bone to heal on its own. In cases where the fragment is loose or healing does not occur, surgery may be recommended to restore joint function and prevent long-term damage.

REQUEST AN APPOINTMENT