A knee osteotomy is a type of surgery used to treat knee pain, usually caused by arthritis or damage in just one side of the knee joint. Instead of replacing the knee with an artificial joint, the surgeon changes the alignment of your leg to take pressure off the damaged area and spread your weight more evenly.

In many people, arthritis affects only the inner or outer part of the knee. This can make the leg angle slightly “bow-legged” or “knock-kneed,” increasing wear and tear. By adjusting the angle of the bone, a knee osteotomy moves the stress to the healthier part of the joint. This can reduce pain and help you stay active for years before needing a knee replacement.

Watch video of High Tibial Osteotomy

During surgery, the surgeon makes a precise cut in either the shinbone (tibia) or thighbone (femur). The bone is then repositioned—either opening a small gap or removing a small wedge of bone—to change the leg’s alignment. A metal plate and screws hold the bone in place while it heals.

You’ll usually stay in the hospital for 1–3 days. Crutches are needed at first, and you’ll gradually put more weight on your leg as it heals. Full recovery may take several months, and physiotherapy is important to regain strength and movement.

A knee osteotomy can relieve pain, improve function, and delay the need for a knee replacement. However, risks include infection, blood clots, nerve or blood vessel injury, and the possibility that pain returns over time.

Knee osteotomy is usually recommended for younger, more active patients with damage in only one part of the knee. Your surgeon will discuss whether this option fits your needs, lifestyle, and long-term goals.